Attack by an Owned Dog

In response to the increasing number of attacks by owned or stray dogs on members of the public and their pets, we provide a brief overview of the subject and answers to the questions most frequently put to us.

• Attack by an owned dog left unattended:

Under the Obligations and Contracts Act, compensation is payable for all damage caused by an animal, even where the animal has escaped or become lost. Under the Public Order Ordinance (adopted by Decision No. 5220-12(56)/02, 03.08.2007 of the Varna Municipal Council), every owner must walk their dog with a collar and lead, while large breeds weighing more than 10 kg and aggressive dogs must also wear a muzzle. If either of these two obligations is not fulfilled, the Municipality should impose a fine of BGN 100 on the owner. If you have been bitten by an owned dog, you may bring a claim against the owner for the pecuniary damage caused (a broken mobile telephone, torn clothing, the cost of medical examinations, purchased medicines, and other expenses), as well as for non-pecuniary damage, including the pain and suffering endured, the fright caused by the incident, disruption of the usual rhythm of life and inability to attend to everyday needs without assistance. In such an incident, the case may be resolved more quickly by an agreement between you and the pet owner, without the need to appear in court. This may be achieved through negotiations and the preparation of an agreement setting out the amount of compensation owed by the owner and other important terms.

According to the Public Order Ordinance:

Article 21. (1) Owners of domestic animals (dogs and cats) must:

1. Declare to the local mayor’s office at their place of residence the species, sex and number of domestic animals owned by them, and any change in their number, within 30 days for newly acquired animals and within three months for newborn animals.

Failure to comply is punishable by a fine of BGN 50 to BGN 500.

2. Present their animals annually for vaccination against rabies at a registered veterinary clinic or outpatient veterinary practice.

Failure to comply is punishable by a fine of BGN 50 to BGN 250.

3. Walk their dog with a collar and lead, and walk large breeds weighing more than 10 kg and aggressive dogs with a muzzle. Inciting dogs against people or other animals is prohibited.

Fine: BGN 100.

4. Collect faeces left by domestic animals (cats and dogs) while they are being walked in public places. For this purpose, the owner must carry a sufficient number of hygiene supplies, such as plastic or paper bags, a special glove, tongs or a scoop, or other suitable items.

Fine: BGN 50.

5. When taking domestic animals (dogs and cats) outside, carry the animal’s veterinary passport and registration certificate. At the request of officials of the municipal or district administrations or the police, these documents must be produced for inspection.

Fine: BGN 20.

6. Comply with the internal rules for the condominium adopted by a decision of the general meeting of the owners.

Failure to comply is punishable by a fine of BGN 200 to BGN 500.

If your pet has been attacked by another stray or owned animal, you may likewise bring a claim for the pecuniary and/or non-pecuniary damage caused, or reach an agreement with the owner of the attacking dog.

If you have suffered such an incident, you should consult a lawyer who handles this type of claim. The lawyer can advise you on the most appropriate action to protect your interests and obtain compensation for the pecuniary or non-pecuniary damage sustained.